What term describes practices that are aimed at warding off evil spirits or demons?

The term that describes practices aimed at warding off evil spirits or demons is "apotropaic." This concept derives from the Greek word "apotropaios," which means to turn away or avert, particularly concerning negative supernatural influences. Apotropaic practices are often found in various cultures and can include charms, talismans, rituals, and specific actions intended to provide protection against malevolent forces.

For example, the use of protective symbols, incantations, or specific burial methods designed to deter the return of the deceased as a vengeful spirit are classic instances of apotropaic practices. These methods highlight how societies have sought to navigate the fears associated with the supernatural, creating a sense of security against potential threats from evil entities.

Other terms listed, while related to themes of death and the afterlife, do not specifically address the concept of warding off evil spirits. Decapitation typically refers to a specific method of execution or alteration of the body that possesses various meanings in different contexts but does not inherently reflect protective practices. Deviant burials refer to unconventional burial practices that might arise from social stigma or fear of the deceased due to their actions in life, rather than a direct focus on protection from evil. Sanguinarium